Funding pathways

Four federal frameworks. One coordinated program.

Lewis & Clark 360 sits at the intersection of REPI, RARI, GAOA, and Sentinel Landscapes — each a federal program with its own statute, its own agency, and its own funding cycle. Here is how the proposal maps to each.

The funding stack

RARI is the primary pathway. The others stack as match, frame, and context.

01

RARI

Primary funding pathway

NPS · LWCF · 50% match · REPI-eligible

02

REPI

Match + partnership context

DoW · already in place at all 12 bases

03

Sentinel Landscapes

Strategic frame + multi-agency match

DoW + USDA + DOI · 2/12 designated

04

GAOA / LRF

Infrastructure context

DOI + USDA · destinations the corridors connect to

Most direct fit

RARI.

Readiness and Recreation Initiative

Agency
Department of War + Department of the Interior (LWCF)
Established
Established 2023
Official program page →

RARI funds can be matched to REPI funds to result in 100% federal funding. Sentinel Landscape projects are prioritized.

RARI is a nationally competitive grant program formed in partnership between the Department of War and the Department of the Interior that uses Land and Water Conservation Fund dollars to enhance recreational opportunities near military installations. Per the program: projects must provide outdoor recreation opportunities and promote compatible land uses in the vicinity of, or ecologically related to, a military installation or military airspace, and/or maintain or enhance disaster resilience.

Eligibility is the precise inverse of how most federal grants work — to be eligible, a project must be inside a REPI Partnership Opportunity Area or a designated Sentinel Landscape. That's exactly the geography the Lewis & Clark 360 corridors occupy. And per the program's own guidance, projects inside Sentinel Landscapes are 'more highly prioritized.'

Funding to date

$9.4M committed (2023–2025)

Match required

50% (REPI can satisfy → 100% federal)

Eligibility

REPI POA or Sentinel Landscape

Priority

Sentinel Landscape projects prioritized

Required

Installation commander letter of support

Required

Land acquisition component

How L&C 360 maps to this program

L&C 360 is a RARI program: every corridor is recreation, every corridor is at the doorstep of a DoW installation, and every installation already runs a REPI program. Pair the proposal with a commander LOS, a land-acquisition component, and (where possible) a Sentinel Landscape footprint, and the funding pathway is direct.

The buffer program

REPI.

Readiness and Environmental Protection Integration

Agency
Department of War (formerly DoD)
Established
Established 2003 · 10 U.S.C. § 2684a
Official program page →

Every one of the twelve installations in this proposal already has a REPI program. The partnerships exist.

REPI is the Department of War's flagship encroachment-mitigation program (10 U.S.C. § 2684a). It funds easements, land acquisitions, and conservation partnerships in lands adjacent to military installations to protect mission capabilities — preserving working farms, ranches, forests, and wildlife habitat that buffer the base from incompatible development.

REPI doesn't fund recreation directly, but its statutory 'secondary benefits' explicitly include 'maintenance or expansion of recreational uses (hunting/fishing, hiking, trails, parks)' and 'protection or increased access to cultural resources' — the exact frame Lewis & Clark 360 occupies. When REPI buys an easement on a Missouri-River-bottom farm next to Fort Leavenworth, the land stays open, undeveloped, and usable for the public corridor that runs through it.

REPI funds **50–80% of project costs** depending on agreement structure. The annual proposal cycle opens **April** and closes **September**; the partner-driven REPI Challenge runs pre-proposals in **July** with full proposals in **September**. Funds flow the following fiscal year, typically Q1–Q2.

FY26 budget

$178M (typical range $175–$200M/yr)

Project coverage

50–80% of costs

Geography

Adjacent to installations (POAs)

Annual cycle

Open April · Close September

Challenge cycle

Pre-proposals July · Full proposals September

Can match

RARI (Federal-to-Federal), NRCS, NFWF, USFWS

How L&C 360 maps to this program

L&C 360 doesn't seek REPI funding directly — it produces the recreation/cultural-resource documentation that satisfies REPI's secondary-benefits language and gives installation REPI managers material for annual reporting, partner outreach, and Sentinel Landscape nominations. Executable through a REPI partner like Compatible Lands Foundation (which already supports Fairchild AFB and 17 other installations).

Tri-agency framework

Sentinel Landscapes.

Sentinel Landscapes Partnership

Agency
Department of War + USDA + Department of the Interior
Established
Established 2013
Official program page →

Two of the twelve installations are already inside designated Sentinel Landscapes. The others are candidates.

Sentinel Landscapes is the Federal Coordinating Committee — Department of War, USDA, and Department of the Interior — that formally designates large-scale landscapes where conservation, working lands, and national defense interests converge. There are eighteen designated landscapes nationally as of 2026, including Joint Base Lewis-McChord (2013, the first ever) and Southern Indiana (2022, which includes NSA Crane and Camp Atterbury-Muscatatuck).

The Partnership creates a coalition of federal agencies, state and local governments, and private organizations that work with willing landowners and land managers to advance sustainable land use practices around military installations and ranges. Projects inside designated landscapes are 'often prioritized for funding opportunities from all three Federal entities' — meaning REPI, NRCS ACEP-ALE, USFWS easements, and RARI proposals are weighted higher when they sit inside a Sentinel Landscape footprint.

Designated landscapes

18 (as of 2026)

On this proposal

JBLM, NSA Crane

Coordinating agencies

DoW + USDA + DOI

Nomination cycle

Every 2–3 years

How L&C 360 maps to this program

Three of the program's corridors — Lower Missouri (Leavenworth-Offutt-Rosecrans), Upper Missouri (Malmstrom-Limestone Hills), and Snake River Plain (Mountain Home + Yakima) — are plausible candidates for new Sentinel Landscape designations. L&C 360 capture provides the recreation-access documentation that strengthens those nominations.

Public-lands infrastructure

GAOA.

Great American Outdoors Act

Agency
Department of the Interior + USDA
Established
Signed August 4, 2020
Official program page →

GAOA funds the public-land destinations our corridors connect to.

GAOA created two things: permanent full funding of the Land and Water Conservation Fund ($900M/year, the source of RARI dollars), and the National Parks and Public Land Legacy Restoration Fund (up to $1.9B/year through 2025) to address deferred maintenance across federal recreation lands.

Legacy Restoration funds flow to the National Park Service (70%), USDA Forest Service (15%), Fish & Wildlife (5%), Bureau of Land Management (5%), and Bureau of Indian Education (5%) — the same agencies that manage the parks, monuments, refuges, and forests that L&C 360 corridors connect to.

LWCF (RARI source)

$900M/year permanent

Legacy Restoration Fund

Up to $1.9B/year through 2025

NPS share

70% of LRF

L&C corridor destinations

Fort Mandan, KNRI NHS, LCNHP, Cape Disappointment SP, others

How L&C 360 maps to this program

GAOA doesn't fund L&C 360 directly, but every iconic destination on the program — Knife River Indian Villages NHS, Lewis & Clark NHP at Fort Clatsop, Cape Disappointment SP — is a GAOA beneficiary. The corridor capture makes that public-lands investment legible to the visitors it was built for.

The legal hook

REPI's own secondary-benefits language names recreation and cultural resources.

REPI is authorized under 10 U.S.C. § 2684a. Beyond its four primary drivers (limit incompatible development, preserve listed-species habitat, improve installation resilience, protect clear zones), the program explicitly recognizes four secondary benefits — and two of them describe Lewis & Clark 360 verbatim.

Secondary benefit

Generation of local revenue (recreation, ecotourism, ecosystem services, etc.)

Secondary benefit

Protection and connectivity of working lands (agricultural, forestry, ranching, etc.)

Secondary benefit · L&C 360 hook

Maintenance or expansion of recreational uses (hunting/fishing, hiking, trails, parks, etc.)

Secondary benefit · L&C 360 hook

Protection or increased access to cultural resources (historic lands, structures, monuments, etc.)

Source: Compatible Lands Foundation — PNTS Webinar Series, March 24, 2026.

Execution paths

Two clean paths to fund the work.

REPI and RARI restrict eligible recipients to government agencies, tribes, and qualified non-profits. Terrain360 LLC, as a for-profit vendor, isn't a direct applicant — and doesn't need to be. The capture itself is a deliverable that flows to the program through one of two well-established mechanisms.

01

Direct procurement

NPS L&C NHT Office hires Terrain360 directly.

The cleanest path. NPS is a customer, not a grantor. The Lewis & Clark National Historic Trail Office has discretion over NHT program funds, GAOA Legacy Restoration allocations, and partner-program lines. For purchases under the simplified-acquisition threshold ($250K), NPS can contract directly under FAR-based procurement — no grant, no partner, no application cycle.

Mechanism
Federal procurement (FAR)
Threshold
Simplified ≤ $250K
Prerequisite
SAM.gov registration + CAGE
Lead time
Weeks, not years

Best for: pilot corridors and proof-of-concept captures that demonstrate the methodology at lower obligation levels.

02

501(c)(3) grant partner

PNTS applies for REPI / RARI on behalf of the program.

The Partnership for the National Trails System (PNTS) — a 501(c)(3) established in 2001 representing all 30 National Scenic and Historic Trails — is the natural prime partner for Lewis & Clark 360. PNTS already convenes the trail-and-installation conversations (the CLF/PNTS Webinar Series is theirs), already coordinates with NPS, BLM, USFS, and FHWA, and already represents the LCNHT.

Form
501(c)(3) since 2001
Represents
32+ NHTs and NSTs incl. LCNHT
Federal partners
NPS · BLM · USFS · FHWA
Role
Grant applicant · prime recipient

Best for: full-corridor capture programs that need REPI + RARI stacking and multi-year continuity. PNTS applies; Terrain360 is the named vendor delivering the work.

pnts.org →

Bonus mechanism — REPI Federal-to-Federal

REPI uniquely allows partner match to be Federal-to-Federal. DoW (REPI) can transfer funds directly to DOI (NPS) via interagency agreement, which means a REPI commitment can effectively fund Path 01 without any non-profit intermediary. Installation REPI POCs and Larry Calhoun's office drive this together.

Where regional executor partners are useful — e.g., for the Fairchild AFB corridor — Compatible Lands Foundation already supports that installation as a REPI partner. CLF's footprint is concentrated in Texas and the Southwest, with Fairchild as their sole L&C-corridor overlap; PNTS covers the rest of the trail.

The integrated picture

Lewis & Clark 360 is the deliverable. RARI is the grant. REPI is the partnership. Sentinel Landscapes is the frame.

For installations already inside designated Sentinel Landscapes — Joint Base Lewis-McChord and NSA Crane — RARI eligibility is automatic. For the other ten installations, the REPI Partnership Opportunity Area is the eligibility hook, and the L&C 360 capture itself becomes evidence for future Sentinel Landscape nominations.

GAOA / Legacy Restoration funds the destinations the corridors connect to. The Lewis & Clark National Historic Trail, administered by NPS, supplies the connective interpretive frame across all 4,900 miles of the program footprint.

12

Installations in proposal

2,166

Total corridor miles

4

Federal frameworks aligned

See the methodology →

Get involved

Talk to us about your corridor.

Reaches Larry Calhoun (NPS Lewis & Clark NHT) and Ryan Abrahamsen (Terrain360).